Fault Current Monitoring in Electrical Installations
Foundations, Applications and Methods of Measuring Residual Current in AC and DC Systems - With Residual Current Monitors (RCMs) according to IEC 62020 and other International Standards
Wolfgang Hofheinz
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Wolfgang Hofheinz, Fault Current Monitoring in Electrical Installations (2004), VDE Verlag, Berlin, ISBN: 9783800741113
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Beschreibung / Abstract
Fault Current Monitoring with the method of residual current measurement in electrical installations is a new method of preventive maintenance. Often suitable devices are applied to detect insulation faults early on, to prevent break-down times of the electrical installation caused by insulation faults and hence to reduce the cost-factors for business and industry. Monitoring with residual current monitor (RCM) according to IEC 62020 allows residual currents arising from insulation faults to be detected in the early stages. In modern electrical power supply systems, specially designed residual current monitors (RCM) can detect residual AC and DC currents, making it possible to measure insulation faults with fractions of direct voltage in AC systems as well as insulation faults in pure DC systems and to indicate and to warn once the critical value has been exceeded. To inform the operator and user of electrical installations, residual current monitors (RCM) are often equipped with LED-displays, which indicate the respective residual current mostly in relation to the operating value. RCMs can be applied concurrently with other known protective devices. This book describes applications and methods of measuring with residual current monitors (RCMs) in AC and DC systems.
This book also contains many references to International Standards IEC 62020,
IEC 61140, IEC 60364-4-41 and more.
This book also contains many references to International Standards IEC 62020,
IEC 61140, IEC 60364-4-41 and more.
Leseprobe
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Fault Current Monitoring in Electrical Installations
- Preface
- Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Introduction to Residual Current Monitoring - RCM
- 2.1 Basic method of measuring RCMs
- 2.2 Definitions
- 2.3 Residual current protective device (RCD) and residual current monitor (RCM)
- 2.4 Increasing popularity
- 3 Protection of Electrical Installations and Equipment
- 3.1 Common aspects for installations and equipment
- 3.2 Elements of protective measures
- 3.3 Protective measures
- 3.4 Co-ordination of electrical equipment and of protective provisions within an electrical installation
- 3.5 Special operating and servicing conditions
- 3.6 Protective measures implementation by protective provisions
- 4 Electrical Installations
- 4.1 Protection against electric shock
- 4.2 Types of distribution systems
- 4.3 Types of system earthing
- 4.4 Design and effectiveness of the supplementary equipotential bonding
- 4.5 Other protective measures
- 5 Insulation Resistance
- 5.1 Meaning of insulation resistance
- 5.2 Insulation resistance - a complex system
- 5.3 Influences on insulation resistance
- 5.4 IEC definitions
- 5.5 Costs and consequences of low resistance
- 5.6 Information advantage of unearthed systems
- 5.7 More competitiveness through preventive maintenance
- 6 Effects of Shock Current on Humans
- 6.1 Technical report IEC 60479, Effects of current on human beings and livestock
- 6.2 Effects of electrical current in the range of 15 Hz to 100 Hz
- 6.3 Electro-pathological findings
- 6.4 Consequences for protective measures against shock current flow
- 6.5 Accidents involving electrical current
- 7 Residual Current Monitors (RCMs)
- 7.1 The distinction between residual current monitor (RCM) and insulation monitoring device (IMD)
- 7.2 Residual current monitor (RCM) according to IEC 62020:1998-08
- 7.3 Principles
- 7.4 New definitions
- 8 Residual Current Monitor (RCM) in Earthed Systems
- 8.1 Residual current monitoring in various systems
- 8.2 Measuring technique of residual current monitor (RCM)
- 8.3 Examples for the application of residual current monitor (RCM)
- 8.4 Earth-fault detection with RCM technology
- 9 RCM Monitoring in Earthed Systems with DC Fault Currents
- 9.1 Examples of applications for direct current residual current monitor (RCM)
- 10 Application of Residual Current Monitor (RCM) in IT Systems
- 10.1 Fault location in IT systems
- 10.2 Standards for insulation fault location in IT systems
- 10.3 Securing the operating current
- 10.4 Practical application of residual current monitor (RCM) in IT systems
- 10.5 Metrology (measurement technique) of directionally discriminating residual current monitoring devices (RCMs)
- 11 Prospects
- 12 Standard Recommendations Regarding Residual Current Monitor (RCM)
- 12.1 IEC 60364-5-53:2003 Amend 2 Ed. 3/CDV:2003
- 12.2 IEC 60364-7-710:2002-11
- 13 List of abbreviations
- Key Words