Erneuerung der Schulkultur - Programm und Praxis in der Weimarer Zeit
Rüdiger Loeffelmeier
Diese Publikation zitieren
Rüdiger Loeffelmeier, Erneuerung der Schulkultur - Programm und Praxis in der Weimarer Zeit (2009), Beltz Juventa, 69469 Weinheim, ISSN: 0044-3247, 2009 #03, S.345
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Beschreibung / Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Die Schulpolitik der Weimarer Republik ist nicht zuletzt durch das Bemühen um eine Veränderung der dominanten Schulkultur gekennzeichnet. Ziel war die Überführung der Fremd- in Selbstbestimmung, die zugleich als Voraussetzung für den Aufbau eines demokratischen Staatswesens betrachtet wurde. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden den Schülern erweiterte Mitbestimmungsrechte eingeräumt und die Unterrichtsmethoden im Sinne der Selbsttätigkeit reformiert, außerdem wurde bei der Neuordnung der Reifeprüfung für eine differenziertere Erfassung der Schülerindividualität Sorge getragen. Die Realisierung dieser Maßnahmen stieß jedoch, wie am Beispiel verschiedener höherer Schulen in Preußen gezeigt werden kann, auf große Schwierigkeiten und zeitigte zum Teil unbeabsichtigte Resultate. Für beides waren einerseits ´autoritäre´ Haltungen in Lehrer- und Schülerschaft, andererseits aber auch Mängel bei der Vorbereitung und Durchführung der Reformen verantwortlich.
Stichwörter: Reifeprüfung, Schülerselbstverantwortung, Schulkultur, Schulleben, Schulreform, Weimarer Republik
Abstract: The school policy of the Weimar Republic is not least characterized by the effort to change the dominant school culture. Its aim was the transition from heteronomy to self-determination, which was also considered the prerequisite for the building of a democratic state. In order to achieve this objective, students were given extended rights of participation and teaching methods were reformed in accordance with the concept of self-action, furthermore, the reorganization of the school-leaving exam took into account a more differentiated inclusion of the students´ individuality. The realization of these measures, however, met with great difficulties, as can be shown by the example of different Prussian secondary schools, and some of the results were quite unexpected. This was due to "authoritarian" attitudes among teachers and students, on the one hand, but also to deficits in the preparation and implementation of these reforms, on the other.
Key words: School culture, School reform, Self-regulation
Stichwörter: Reifeprüfung, Schülerselbstverantwortung, Schulkultur, Schulleben, Schulreform, Weimarer Republik
Abstract: The school policy of the Weimar Republic is not least characterized by the effort to change the dominant school culture. Its aim was the transition from heteronomy to self-determination, which was also considered the prerequisite for the building of a democratic state. In order to achieve this objective, students were given extended rights of participation and teaching methods were reformed in accordance with the concept of self-action, furthermore, the reorganization of the school-leaving exam took into account a more differentiated inclusion of the students´ individuality. The realization of these measures, however, met with great difficulties, as can be shown by the example of different Prussian secondary schools, and some of the results were quite unexpected. This was due to "authoritarian" attitudes among teachers and students, on the one hand, but also to deficits in the preparation and implementation of these reforms, on the other.
Key words: School culture, School reform, Self-regulation