Ausbildungsreife als Steuerungsproblem der dualen Berufsausbildung
Manfred Wahle
Diese Publikation zitieren
Manfred Wahle, Ausbildungsreife als Steuerungsproblem der dualen Berufsausbildung (2015), Beltz Juventa, 69469 Weinheim, ISSN: 0943-5484, 2014 #04, S.242
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Beschreibung / Abstract
Das Schlagwort der "Ausbildungsreife" durchzieht seit Jahrzehnten die (berufs-)bildungspolitische und (berufs-)pädagogische Diskussion gleichermaßen. Obwohl es sich dabei um ein Konstrukt handelt, ist der Begriff "Ausbildungsreife" mit einer Perspektive verbunden, in der Heranwachsende als unwissend und inkompetent stigmatisiert werden. Belegt wird dies u.a. mit schlechten Schulabschlüssen, die eine erfolgreiche Bewerbung um einen Ausbildungsplatz im Dualen System verhindern. Allerdings wird je nach konjunktureller und personeller Bedarfslage der Betriebe das Thema "Ausbildungsreife" unterschiedlich interpretiert. Gleichwohl ist dessen Debatte nicht von der Tatsache zu trennen, dass die Betriebe große Teile der Jugendlichen gezielt von einer beruflichen Ausbildung ausschließen. Der Beitrag beleuchtet wesentliche Aspekte der aktuellen Debatte über Ausbildungsreife. Dabei werden normative Bezüge aufgezeigt, die weiterhin für die schulische und berufliche Bildung diskussionswert sind und darauf hindeuten, inwieweit Ausbildungsreife ein Steuerungsproblem der dualen Berufsausbildung ist.
In Germany a great number of school leavers are branded as being highly incompetent for cognitive, personal and social purposes. Due to this stigmatization, hundreds of thousands adolescents, especially school leavers from the modern secondary school, do not gain access to a training place in the German dual system of vocational education and training. In this respect, the German buzzword Ausbildungsunreife has fulfilled a legitimating function since many years. The meaning of the term Ausbildungsunreife can be translated into the English definition lacking in personal and professional qualification, while the converse term is Ausbildungsreife. In fact, both of the terms are a rhetorical platitude rather than a scientifically proven concept. Nevertheless they point to a strategy of companies excluding those applicants for a training place who alleged are lacking in education, interpersonal skills and social competence. In this regard, a critical analysis has to consider both pedagogical challenges and employment politics. This paper is divided into four sections. The first one provides remarks on the context. The second chapter is focused on general criteria of having the ability for an apprenticeship both in the perspective of educational politics and companies. The third chapter outlines some results from empirical research concerning the issue. Finally some conclusions are drawn.
In Germany a great number of school leavers are branded as being highly incompetent for cognitive, personal and social purposes. Due to this stigmatization, hundreds of thousands adolescents, especially school leavers from the modern secondary school, do not gain access to a training place in the German dual system of vocational education and training. In this respect, the German buzzword Ausbildungsunreife has fulfilled a legitimating function since many years. The meaning of the term Ausbildungsunreife can be translated into the English definition lacking in personal and professional qualification, while the converse term is Ausbildungsreife. In fact, both of the terms are a rhetorical platitude rather than a scientifically proven concept. Nevertheless they point to a strategy of companies excluding those applicants for a training place who alleged are lacking in education, interpersonal skills and social competence. In this regard, a critical analysis has to consider both pedagogical challenges and employment politics. This paper is divided into four sections. The first one provides remarks on the context. The second chapter is focused on general criteria of having the ability for an apprenticeship both in the perspective of educational politics and companies. The third chapter outlines some results from empirical research concerning the issue. Finally some conclusions are drawn.